Banasura Sagar Dam is a prominent dam located in the Wayanad district of Kerala, India. It is the largest earthen dam in India and the second largest in Asia. The dam is situated at the base of the Banasura Hill, which is the highest peak in the Wayanad region, offering a picturesque setting and making it one of the most popular tourist destinations in Kerala.
Key Features of Banasura Sagar Dam:
1. Location and Geography
- Situated: The dam is located near the village of Padinjarathara, about 20 kilometers from Kalpetta, the district headquarters of Wayanad. It lies at the foot of Banasura Hill, which is part of the Western Ghats.
- Elevation: The dam is located at an altitude of approximately 3,000 feet above sea level, contributing to its cool climate and scenic surroundings.
2. Size and Construction
- Earthen Dam: Banasura Sagar Dam is an earthen dam, meaning it is constructed primarily from earth materials, which makes it one of the largest of its kind in India.
- Height and Length: The dam stands 30 meters high and stretches over 323 meters in length.
- Reservoir: The dam creates a large reservoir with a capacity of approximately 6.5 million cubic meters of water. The reservoir is surrounded by hills and is known for its scenic beauty.
- Construction: The dam was completed in 2004 and is primarily used for irrigation purposes, though it also plays a role in flood control and water conservation.
3. Scenic Beauty and Tourism
- Breathtaking Views: The dam is located in a stunning landscape, with the reservoir surrounded by hills and forests. The sight of the water against the backdrop of Banasura Hill creates a serene and captivating view, making it a popular spot for photography.
- Island Formation: When the dam’s reservoir is full, several small islands are formed in the water. These islands are the result of the submergence of hilltops, giving the dam an even more picturesque look, especially during the monsoon season.
- Boating: Visitors can enjoy boating on the reservoir. The boats typically take tourists closer to the islands, providing an opportunity to explore the beauty of the area up close.
- Trekking: The area around the dam is perfect for trekking and nature walks. The Banasura Hill, which stands at 2,073 meters, is a popular spot for trekking, offering panoramic views of the surrounding area, including the dam and the Wayanad district.
- Wildlife and Flora: The surrounding region is rich in flora and fauna. The Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, with its diverse wildlife, is nearby. Visitors might also spot a variety of birds and animals like elephants, deer, and tigers while trekking around the area.
4. Best Time to Visit
- October to March: The best time to visit Banasura Sagar Dam is during the winter months (October to March), when the weather is cool and pleasant for outdoor activities like trekking, boating, and photography.
- Monsoon (June to September): The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall, which makes the surroundings lush and green but also increases the water levels of the reservoir. While the dam’s reservoir appears full and impressive, the rain can also lead to reduced accessibility due to slippery roads and trekking trails.
5. Nearby Attractions
- Banasura Hill: As the highest peak in Wayanad, Banasura Hill is an ideal trekking destination. The view from the summit is stunning, with panoramic vistas of the reservoir, surrounding valleys, and hills.
- Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary: The sanctuary is home to a variety of species, including elephants, tigers, leopards, and various birds. It’s a great place for wildlife enthusiasts.
- Soochipara Waterfalls: Located around 20 km from the dam, Soochipara is a stunning three-tiered waterfall, perfect for a nature walk or picnic.
- Edakkal Caves: Famous for their ancient petroglyphs, these caves are around 30 km from the dam and offer a glimpse into the prehistoric period.
6. How to Reach
- By Air: The nearest airport is in Calicut International Airport (Kozhikode), around 100 km away from Banasura Sagar Dam. From there, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the dam.
- By Train: The nearest railway station is in Kalpetta, which is around 20 km from the dam. The railway station is well-connected to major cities like Kozhikode and Bengaluru.
- By Road: Banasura Sagar Dam is well-connected by road to Kalpetta and other parts of Wayanad. You can take a taxi, rent a car, or hire a local auto-rickshaw to reach the dam. The roads are winding and scenic, offering beautiful views along the way.
7. A ccommodation
- Eco-Resorts: There are several eco-friendly resorts and homestays near the dam where visitors can stay. These resorts offer a serene atmosphere and allow tourists to enjoy the tranquility of the surrounding hills and forests.
- Government Guesthouses: Some government-run guesthouses offer basic accommodation for travelers, providing a more budget-friendly option.
- Hotels in Kalpetta: For more luxury or budget options, Kalpetta, the nearest town, has several hotels ranging from budget to mid-range.
Conclusion
Banasura Sagar Dam is a beautiful and tranquil spot in the heart of Wayanad, Kerala, offering not just a significant engineering feat but also an incredibly scenic environment. Whether you’re an adventure enthusiast looking for a trekking experience or a nature lover seeking a peaceful retreat, the dam is an ideal place to visit. Its picturesque setting, surrounded by the Western Ghats, makes it a perfect destination for photography, boating, and outdoor exploration.